Nutrition [MPHAM111]

Learning outcomes

At the end of this course, the student should be able to identify the patient's nutritional status and caloric-nitrogenous needs. They will also be able to identify the various nutritional therapies (oral supplementation, enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition and pharmaconutrition) in terms of indications, contraindications, side effects and main complications. He/she will also be able to identify the risks inherent in the administration of drugs by tube and the main drug interactions that may exist with intravenous nutrition.

Objectives

The course will allow the student to understand what undernutrition is and to be able to appreciate the consequences of it both from a physiological point of view (impact on the different systems) and from a pathological point of view (impact in oncology, surgery,...). The course will give the student the necessary arguments to be able to motivate the patient to initiate/ continue an adequate nutritional management. The course will also aim to enable the student to identify the malnourished patient requiring special attention through the concepts of screening and nutritional diagnosis. The student will also be able to identify the caloric-nutritional needs of the patient according to the clinical context. The various nutritional therapies will be discussed. With regard to oral supplementation, the student will be able to classify the various NOCs according to their caloric-nitrogen composition while taking into account their texture (IDDSI). He/she will be able to provide advice on how to take them (type of NOCs, number of NOCs, general principles for optimising compliance) and how to store them for any patient. to enteral nutrition, the student will be able to differentiate between the different possible routes of administration. He/she will be able to classify the various types of enteral feeds and know their general composition. He/she will be able to explain the various ways of administering enteral nutrition and respond appropriately to the main complications of enteral nutrition. He/she will be able to answer questions relating to the administration of medications via the different types of catheters used for the administration of BN. For parenteral nutrition, the student will be able to identify the indications and contraindications. They will be able to classify the various industrial mixtures available. The student will be able to identify and react to the main complications of this nutrition. The student will be able to identify the main drug incompatibilities and propose a solution. Being able to be confronted in his/her daily practice with patients under parenteral nutrition at home, he/she will be able to formulate therules of parenteral nutrition at home and react to the main complications that may appear Finally,for pharmaconutrition, he/she will have to know the specific and recognised indications of various micronutrients.

Content

The topics covered will be the definition of undernutrition and its pathophysiological consequences. The course will address the impact of nutritional management. In a second chapter, the tools of screening and nutritional diagnosis will be discussed. In this chapter, the needs of a standard patient and in various specific situations will also be discussed. The other four chapters will deal with oral nutritional supplementation, enteral nutrition, prenteral nutrition and pharmaconutrition.